STATISTICS OF FIRN CLOSURE - A SIMULATION STUDY

The trapping of bubbles of air in polar ice has provided a unique reco rd of past atmospheric composition. However, the interpretation of mea sured concentrations depends on the statistics of the trapping process . Measurements of trace atmospheric constituents whose concentrations are changing steadily can be interpreted in terms of an ''effective ag e'' of the gas which differs from the age of the ice by a delay which corresponds to the mean trapping time. The statistics of bubble trappi ng can be modelled as a percolation model which is one of a class of m odels whose transitions are characterized by large critical fluctuatio ns. These critical fluctuations cause an intrinsic sample-to-sample va riability in the delay time and thus in the effective age. Monte Carlo simulations using a lattice model of the firm are presented, showing the effect of finite sample size on the age distribution of trapped ga s. For samples containing more than about 10(3)-10(4) bubbles, the sim ulations indicate that the range of variability is small compared to t he average duration of the trapping process.