The venom of the burrowing asp Atractaspis engaddensis contains severa
l 21 amino acid residue peptides known as sarafotoxins. The sarafotoxi
ns are homologous to the mammalian endothelin family, and they have si
milar biological activities. This review covers recent advances in the
study of the chemical and biological properties of the sarafotoxins a
nd endothelins.