Two studies explored 6 models of crossed categorization. In Experiment
1, Muslims (majority) and Hindus (minority) in Bangladesh evaluated 1
of 4 target groups created by crossing religion (Hindu or Muslim) and
nationality (Bangladeshi or Indian) and then rated the target group's
perceived variability. Experiment 2 was an extension of the research.
including new measures. Both studies showed additive effects of relig
ion and nationality, as predicted by 3 models, a strong effect of cate
gory dominance for religion, and out-group homogeneity only when the r
eligious in-group was the dominant and majority group in its country.
Experiment 2 also showed a significant relationship between discrimina
tion based on religion and self-esteem and marginal support for the hi
erarchical ordering model. When and how specific models of crossed cat
egorization might operate in different intergroup contexts are discuss
ed.