Y. Hou et al., EFFECT OF MELT CONVECTION ON THE GROWTH OF ND-YAG CRYSTAL BY THE CZOCHRALSKI METHOD, Crystal research and technology, 28(3), 1993, pp. 311-315
The effect of melt convection on the formation of constitutional super
cooling defects was studied simply by changing the shape and size of t
he Ir crucible. The experimental results show that there is a favourab
le ratio of crucible diameter d to depth h, i.e. d/h is about 1, and a
moderate range of the crystal rotating rate must be avoided to grow a
quality Nd:YAG crystal.