B. Borowsky et al., 2 GLYCINE TRANSPORTER VARIANTS WITH DISTINCT LOCALIZATION IN THE CNS AND PERIPHERAL-TISSUES ARE ENCODED BY A COMMON GENE, Neuron, 10(5), 1993, pp. 851-863
We have isolated a cDNA encoding a high affinity, Na+/Cl--dependent gl
ycine transporter, GLYT-2, which is distinct from another glycine tran
sporter, GLYT-1. While the 3' sequences of these two cDNAs are identic
al, the 5' noncoding regions and the N-termini are completely differen
t. GLYT-1 is found only in the white matter of the CNS, while GLYT-2 i
s found in the gray matter of the CNS as well as in macrophages and ma
st cells in peripheral tissues. Our findings suggest that tissue-speci
fic alternative splicing or alternative promoter usage from a single g
ene results in two mRNA products encoding similar but distinct glycine
transporters. The anatomic distibution of GLYT-2 mRNA supports the em
erging status of glycine as a supraspinal neurotransmitter and suggest
s that glycine may function as a chemical messenger outside the CNS.