This article is a transcript of the author's speech made in commemorat
ion of her appointment as a professor. The author discusses the role o
f the financial markets in the economy and their effect on welfare, We
ll-developed financial markets, with a great variety of financial inst
ruments tend to spread the risks and develop ways of hedging against r
isks. Studies have shown that well-developed financial markets in fact
can increase social welfare and thus the Government should promote th
e development of efficient financial markets.