PLASMID-MEDIATED MINERALIZATION OF NAPHTHALENE, PHENANTHRENE, AND ANTHRACENE

The well-characterized plasmid-encoded naphthalene degradation pathway in Pseudomonas putida PpG7(NAH7) was used to investigate the role of the NAH plasmid-encoded pathway in mineralizing phenanthrene and anthr acene. Three Pseudomonas strains, designated 5R, DFC49, and DFC50, wer e recovered from a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading inoculum developed from a manufactured gas plant soil slurry reactor. Plasmids pKA1, pKA2, and pKA3, approximately 100 kb in size, were isolated fro m these strains and characterized. These plasmids have homologous regi ons of upper and lower NAH7 plasmid catabolic genes. By conjugation ex periments, these plasmids, including NAH7, have been shown to encode t he genotype for mineralization of [9-C-14]phenanthrene and [U-C-14]ant hracene, as well as [1-C-14]naphthalene. One strain, Pseudomonas fluor escens 5RL, which has the complete lower pathway inactivated by transp oson insertion in nahG, accumulated a metabolite from phenanthrene and anthracene degradation. This is the first direct evidence to indicate that the NAH plasmid-encoded catabolic genes are involved in degradat ion of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons other than naphthalene.