Empty electronic states in rutile (TiO2) have been studied by inverse
photoemission spectroscopy at (110) and (001) surfaces. The spectra re
veal a 2 eV splitting of the empty Ti3d bands into pi and sigma* comp
onents, with an overall Ti3d bandwidth of order 6 eV. These values are
in good agreement with periodic ab initio Hartree-Fock calculations.