For an auction market that is costly to participate in, the equilibriu
m market size is endogenously determined by the auction's expected pro
fitability. A few recent papers have addressed bidder endogeneity and
note important result differences this recognition can cause. The purp
ose of this paper is to present an initial empirical investigation of
a first-price private-values auction in which bidder participation req
uires payment of an entry fee. The results indicate that market size i
s inversely related to the size of the entry fee and agents enter the
auction until the average profitability equals or is less than the ent
ry fee.