EFFECT OF 12 CROWN-4 ON THE ELECTROCHEMICAL INTERCALATION OF LITHIUM INTO GRAPHITE

The cathodic decomposition of 1 M LiClO4 PC/EC electrolyte in presence of various amounts of 12 crown 4 during the first lithiation of graph ite is investigated galvanostatically. The decomposition reaction is g reatly reduced after addition of 12 crown 4 and reaches a limit at an optimum 12 crown 4 concentration of approximately 0.35M. The reduction of electrolyte decomposition after addition of 12 crown 4 is attribut ed to a significant decrease in gas evolution and possibly to the form ation of a more stable SEI film.