Heterojunction IMPATT diodes incorporate the classic IMPATT diode tech
nology of the 1960s with the emerging present-day material technologie
s by replacing the diode's P/N junction with a GaAs/Al0.3Ga0.7As p/N h
eterojunction. The resulting devices have shown up to 2 dB higher RF p
ower, superior DC characteristics and 3 to 6 dB lower phase noise cont
ent. These new devices are examined, and a first-order theory of opera
tion is presented.