IMPINGING JET STUDIES FOR TURBULENCE MODEL ASSESSMENT .2. AN EXAMINATION OF THE PERFORMANCE OF 4 TURBULENCE MODELS

Four turbulence models are applied to the numerical prediction of the turbulent impinging jets discharged from a circular pipe measured by C ooper et al. [Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 36, 2675-2684 (1993)], Baughn and Shimizu [ASME J. Heat Transfer 11 1, 1096-1098 (1986)] and Baughn et al. [ASME Winter Annual Meeting, November 1992]. They comprise one k-epsilon eddy viscosity model and three second-moment closures. In t he test cases selected, the jet discharge was two and six diameters ab ove a plane surface orthogonal to the jet's axis. The Reynolds numbers were 2.3 x 10(4) and 7 x 10(4), the flow being fully developed at the discharge plane. The numerical predictions, obtained with an extended version of the finite-volume TEAM code, indicate that the k-epsilon m odel and one of the Reynolds stress models lead to far too large level s of turbulence near the stagnation point. This excessive energy in tu rn induces much too high heat transfer coefficients and turbulent mixi ng with the ambient fluid. The other two second-moment closures, adopt ing new schemes for accounting for the wall's effect on pressure fluct uations, do much better though one of them is clearly superior in acco unting for the effects of the height of the jet discharge above the pl ate. None of the schemes is entirely successful in predicting the effe cts of Reynolds number. It is our view, however, that the main cause o f this failure is the two-equation eddy viscosity scheme adopted in al l cases to span the near-wall sublayer rather than the outer layer mod els on which the present study has focused.