THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA AND ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA IN EUROPE

The total prevalence rate of tracheo-oesophageal fistula and oesophage al atresia in 15 EUROCAT registries covering 1 546 889 births during 1 980-8 was 2.86 per 10 000. There was a decreasing prevalence rate over time (3.5 per 10 000 in 1980-2, 2.7 in 1983-5, 2.5 in 1986-8). Ten pe r cent of cases were associated with chromosomal anomalies and of the remaining cases, half were multiply malformed. Sixty two per cent of c ases were males. There was a significantly increased risk for mothers of less than 20 years of age (odds ratio compared with mothers of 25-2 9=1.82, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 2.67). There were no apparent epidemiological differences between isolated and multiply malformed ca ses in secular trend, sex ratio, or maternal age. Both isolated and mu ltiply malformed cases tended to be premature and small for gestationa l age. There was variation between centres in survival of affected liv eborn children up to 1 year of age.