PROBLEM-SOLVING IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY

The advent of the laparoscopic revolution and the wider applicability of laparoscopic procedures has caused surgeons to re-think the dynamic s of intraoperative problem-solving. Problems of body habitus, previou s surgery, exposure, bleeding, and anesthesia, as well as the problem cholangiogram, require new and innovative approaches. a practical appr oach to each of these common laparoscopic problems is presented.