O. Wiest et E. Steckhan, ELECTRON TRANSFER-CATALYZED DIELS-ALDER REACTIONS WITH 2-VINYLINDOLES, Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in English, 32(6), 1993, pp. 901-903
A Diels-Alder reaction between two electron-rich components is possibl
e with electron transfer catalysis. 2-vinylindole radical cations gene
rated in this way react with 1,3-cyclohexadienes to yield highly subst
ituted carbazole derivatives such as 1. This reaction is interesting a
bove all for the synthesis of indole alkaloids. R1-R3 are, are for exa
mple, H, Me, iPr, Ph.