RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AFTER-SCHOOL CARE OF ADOLESCENTS AND SUBSTANCE USE, RISK-TAKING, DEPRESSED MOOD, AND ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT

Objective. To examine the relationship between parental monitoring and six negative behaviors: cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use; depres sed mood; risk taking; and lower academic grades. Design. Survey of 39 93 ninth-grade students in six school districts in southern California . Subjects. The sample consisted of 1930 boys and 2063 girls, self-cla ssified as non-Hispanic white (32%), African-American (13%), Hispanic (46%), or Asian (9%). Results. A relationship was found between unsupe rvised care after school and susceptibility to cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use; depressed mood; risk taking; and lower academic grades . Adolescents who were unsupervised at home were slightly more likely to engage in problem behavior than those who were supervised at home. Adolescents at a neighbor's house, at school, or at a job and especial ly those who ''hang out'' were most likely to engage in problem behavi or. Risk was higher if the parent had an unengaged parenting style. Al though girls were less likely than boys to engage in problem behavior when supervised, as supervision decreased they were significantly more likely to have each of these problems. Family structure had little im pact on risk. Conclusions. Self-care, especially when it occurs outsid e of the home, is associated with substance use, risk taking, depresse d mood, and lower academic grades.