Kl. Fritsche et al., ENRICHMENT OF OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS IN SUCKLING PIGS BY MATERNAL DIETARY FISH-OIL SUPPLEMENTATION, Journal of animal science, 71(7), 1993, pp. 1841-1847
This study was designed to determine whether substituting menhaden fis
h oil (FO) for lard (LA) in a practical sow diet was a suitable method
for enriching newborn pigs with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (
n-3 PUFA). On d 107 of gestation, 18 crossbred sows were randomly allo
tted to one of three experimental diets, in which FO was substituted f
or LA at 0, 3.5, and 7% of the diet. On d 1, 7, 14, and 21 after farro
wing samples of milk and serum from the sows and pig serum were collec
ted for fatty acid analysis. The content of n-3 PUFA in the serum of s
ows fed FO increased six-fold over that in serum of LA-fed sows (P < .
0001). Feeding FO decreased the levels of arachidonic acid in maternal
serum by approximately 50% (P < .0001). Similar changes were reflecte
d in the fatty acid profiles of sow's milk. Pig serum n-3 PUFA levels
were elevated over 5- and 10-fold within 24 h of birth in those litter
s born to sows fed 3.5 and 7% fish oil, respectively. Eicosapentaenoic
acid levels in pig serum increased linearly (P < .01) during the firs
t 2 wk postnatally in pigs suckling FO-fed sows and accounted for as m
uch as 12% of the total fatty acids present on d 21. In conclusion, we
have demonstrated that feeding FO to sows during late gestation and l
actation enriches the newborn pig with n-3 PUFA.