The cyclone converter furnace (CCF) is a smelting reduction process de
veloped by Hoogovens, British Steel and Ilva/CSM. The CCF consists of
two process steps integrated in one reactor, pre-reduction and melting
of ore in a cyclone and final reduction in a metal/slag bath. In the
first phase of the CCF research programme, 1989 to 1992, the feasibili
ty of the CCF process has been demonstrated by pilot plant experiments
.