Ps. Shiakolas et al., CLOSED-FORM ERROR ESTIMATORS FOR THE LINEAR STRAIN AND QUADRATIC STRAIN TETRAHEDRON FINITE-ELEMENTS, Computers & structures, 47(6), 1993, pp. 907-915
Closed-form representations of the Zienkiewicz-Zhu error estimators fo
r straight edge linear and quadratic strain tetrahedral elements are p
resented. The closed-form representation of the element error estimato
rs was developed using symbolic algebra. Dramatic computational time s
avings result in the element error estimator evaluation phase of the F
EM process when the closed-form representation is used as compared wit
h the use of Gaussian cubature.