RECOGNITION OF WOOD CUTTING CONDITIONS THROUGH CUTTING SOUNDS .1. EFFECTS OF TOOL SYSTEMS STIFFNESS AND TOOL WEAR ON THE GENERATION OF SOUND IN CUTTING PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN
K. Nagatomi et al., RECOGNITION OF WOOD CUTTING CONDITIONS THROUGH CUTTING SOUNDS .1. EFFECTS OF TOOL SYSTEMS STIFFNESS AND TOOL WEAR ON THE GENERATION OF SOUND IN CUTTING PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN, Mokuzai Gakkaishi, 39(5), 1993, pp. 521-528
To examine the possibility of in-process recognition of wood cutting c
onditions and tool wear by cutting sounds, orthogonal cutting tests an
d measurements of sounds during wood cutting were conducted in cutting
parallel to the grain with a whirling disc-machine. Cutting tests wer
e performed on six depths of cuts (0.025-0.5 mm), three stiffnesses of
tool systems, and five edge recessions of tools (0-100 mum), keeping
cutting speed at 1 m/s constant. Cutting sounds were measured in a fre
quency range up to 70 kHz. The results are summarized as follows: 1) F
undamental frequency of cutting sound almost agreed with the frequency
of checked pitch calculated from both the pitch of checks on the surf
aces of chips and cutting speed. It was therefore considered that the
sound of fundamental frequency resulted from a change of cutting resis
tance during wood cutting. 2) Frequency characteristic of a cutting so
und was effected by the stiffness of the tool system and the depth of
cut, and it was related to changes of chip formation and the natural f
requency of the tool system. 3) Sound pressure level of a low-frequenc
y range (0-20 kHz) decreased with increases of tool wear at small dept
hs of cuts, and the frequency characteristic of a cutting sound was re
lated to the condition of the chip formation. 4) Measuring of a wave f
orm of a power spectrum and the sound pressure level of a specific fre
quency range are promising for in-process recognition of chip formatio
n and tool wear.