INTERPRETING ELBOW RADIOGRAPHS IN CHILDREN

Accurate diagnosis of elbow fractures in children requires knowledge o f anatomic development. The multiple ossification centers in the elbow can be mistaken for fractures, making radiographic diagnosis difficul t. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs are most commonly used, alt hough oblique views may help in the detection of subtle injuries. Comp arison views of the uninjured elbow are of questionable value. Anterio r and posterior fat pad signs indicate joint effusion, which suggests significant trauma. Intersection of the anterior humeral and central r adial lines can be used to assess joint alignment. Fractures displaced less than 2 mm are considered stable and may be treated conservativel y.