ANTIGEN SENSITIVITY EVALUATED BY TEAR-SPECIFIC AND SERUM-SPECIFIC IGE, SKIN-TESTS, AND CONJUNCTIVAL AND NASAL PROVOCATION TESTS IN PATIENTSWITH OCULAR ALLERGIC DISEASE

The potential for ocular allergic patients to have a site-specific ant igen sensitisation was investigated using various diagnostic tests of allergen sensitivity in subjects with allergic conjunctivitis (AC: n = 135), vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VK: n = 20), rhinoconjunctivitis ( n = 20) or rhinitis (N = 10). In the AC and VK patients, skin tests an d conjunctival provocation tests (CPT) were performed, and the levels of specific IgE in serum and in tears were identified. A subgroup of 3 6 patients was also challenged with a nasal-specific provocation test (NPT). Results showed a poor correlation between skin test results and tear-specific IgE, and also between serum-specific IgE and tear-speci fic IgE in both AC and VK patients (K<0.3). CPT and tear IgE were sign ificantly correlated (K = 0.5) in the ocular allergic population. In p atients with rhinoconjunctivitis or rhinitis, and in 10 normal subject s, results of CPT and NPT were in 100% agreement. Conversely, in patie nts with only conjunctivitis, little correlation was found between the results of CPT and NPT (K = 0.3). Tear-specific IgE was the only posi tive diagnostic sign of antigen sensitivity in 35% of VK patients and 30% of AC patients. These results suggest that the conjunctiva can be a uniquely sensitised target organ in allergic patients.