Ai. Murdoch et D. Bedeaux, ON THE PHYSICAL INTERPRETATION OF FIELDS IN CONTINUUM-MECHANICS, International journal of engineering science, 31(10), 1993, pp. 1345-1373
Two complementary approaches to the identification of measurements (re
garded as space-time averages of microscopic quantities) with continuu
m field values are presented. The elegant Irving and Kirkwood formalis
m, involving ensemble averaging, is reviewed and compared with an appr
oach which utilises space-time averaging only. Emphasis is placed upon
physical considerations.