This editorial-cum-paper reviews some of the main areas of interest in
which biomolecular archaeology has either made a significant contribu
tion, or promises to do so in the near future. Six major research area
s are considered: hominid evolution, including the origins of anatomic
ally-modern humans; human migrations, dispersals and past population b
iology, including disease; reconstructing human diets, food webs and s
ubsistence systems; the analysis of artefact use; site-based interpret
ations; and the reconstruction of past human environments.