Sc. Geiger et A. Manu, SOIL SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND VARIABILITY IN THE GROWTH OF MILLET IN THE PLATEAU AND VALLEY REGION OF WESTERN NIGER, Agriculture, ecosystems & environment, 45(3-4), 1993, pp. 203-211
Short-range (less than 10 m) spatial variability in crop growth in the
Sahelian zone of West Africa is a common occurrence. This phenomenon
has been attributed to variability in soil chemical and physical prope
rties, which are influenced by the effects of wind and water erosion a
nd can be associated with micro-topographic features of the landscape.
This study was conducted to quantify the association of variability i
n the growth of local millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R.Br.) with soil
surface characteristics that can be easily evaluated. Millet yield and
soil characteristics were measured in transects throughout farmers fi
elds within a 500 ha experimental watershed located in the plateau and
valley geomorphic unit in Western Niger. Best millet growth was assoc
iated with micro-topographic high positions within the landscape, whic
h comprised 30% of the surface area planted to millet. The worst growt
h was associated with eroded soils (10% of the surface area). Micro-to
pographic highs were associated with the growth of a tree species, pri
marily Guiera senegalensis, Combretum glutinosum or Piliostigma reticu
latum, which are the predominant species of the savanna in this ecolog
ical zone.