UROLITHIASIS IN CHILDREN FOLLOWING AUGMENTATION CYSTOPLASTY

Until recently urolithiasis in children following augmentation cystopl asty was an infrequently noted problem. We examined our 10-year experi ence and found urinary calculi to form in 52% of children and young ad ults undergoing augmentation cystoplasty. Calculi formed at a median i nterval of 24.5 months after surgery, predominately in the lower tract . Urinary tract infection was a statistically significant risk factor, while the use of absorbable staples, intestinal mucus and hypocitratu ria were also implicated. Calculus composition was primarily a mixture of apatite, struvite and ammonium urate. Bladder calculi were effecti vely managed endoscopically in the majority of cases without complicat ion. Upper tract calculi presented an endourological challenge.