SIMPLE RAIL-TO-RAIL LOW-VOLTAGE CONSTANT-TRANSCONDUCTANCE CMOS INPUT STAGE IN WEAK INVERSION

Authors
BOTMA JH WASSENAAR RF WIEGERINK RJ
Citation
Jh. Botma et al., SIMPLE RAIL-TO-RAIL LOW-VOLTAGE CONSTANT-TRANSCONDUCTANCE CMOS INPUT STAGE IN WEAK INVERSION, Electronics Letters, 29(12), 1993, pp. 1145-1147
Citations number
6
Categorie Soggetti
Engineering, Eletrical & Electronic
Journal title
Electronics Letters → ACNP
ISSN journal
00135194
Volume
29
Issue
12
Year of publication
1993
Pages
1145 - 1147
Database
ISI
SICI code
0013-5194(1993)29:12<1145:SRLCCI>2.0.ZU;2-I
Abstract
A CMOS input stage for operational amplifiers is presented. To obtain a rail-to-rail input range an nMOS and a pMOS differential pair are dr iven in parallel. Both differential pairs operate in weak inversion. W ith the help of only four additional transistors a transconductance g( m) is obtained which is independent of the common input voltage. This extension does not increase the minimum required supply voltage.