Granulomas of lupus vulgaris were characterized by a raised CD4+/CD8ratio, while in scrofuloderma this was significantly decreased. Tuberc
ulosis verrucosa cutis showed intermediate changes. These immunologica
l variations suggest that cutaneous tuberculosis forms a spectrum with
strong cell-mediated immunity seen in lupus vulgaris, and weaker cell
-mediated responses in scrofuloderma; tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is
intermediate between the two.