Human serum paraoxonase is responsible for the hydrolysis of organopho
sphate anticholinesterases, however, whether the enzyme has a physisol
ogical role other than the detoxication of insecticides and nerve gase
s has remained uncertain. Recently, evidence has begun to accumulate o
f a relationship between the serum activity of paraoxonase and atheros
clerosis. Paraoxonase may a fundamental role in lipoprotein metabolism
, preventing oxidative changes to low-density lipoprotein which render
the particle atherogenic.