Two patients with thalamic infarctions presented with vertical gaze pa
lsies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated extension of the
lesions into the upper midbrain. A common vascular supply to both area
s, and the inability of computed tomography (CT) scans to adequately a
ssess posterior fossa structures, necessitate MRI of the mesencephalon
in the assessment of all patients with vertical gaze dysfunction. The
se cases shed further doubt regarding a specific role of the thalamus
in control of vertical eye movements.