ARE SELF-REPORTED DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN 1ST-GRADE CHILDREN DEVELOPMENTALLY TRANSIENT PHENOMENA - A FURTHER LOOK

In light of putative developmental constraints, some have argued that prior to the middle to late elementary school years children's reports of depressive symptoms represent nothing more than transient developm ental phenomena. In an earlier study of an epidemiologically defined s ample of first-grade children, self-reported depressive symptoms prove d relatively stable and significantly related to adaptive functioning. In the present study, we follow that cohort of first graders longitud inally and assess the prognostic value of self-reports of depressive s ymptoms in first grade with respect to depressive symptoms and adaptiv e functioning in the late elementary school years. We also assess whet her or not children's reports of depressive symptoms demonstrate great er stability and are more highly associated with adaptive functioning in the middle to late elementary school years. First-grade depressive symptoms were found to have significant prognostic value in terms of l evels of depressive symptoms and adaptive functioning in fifth grade, with the strength of prediction varying by gender in the former. Altho ugh there was a moderate increase in short-term stability from first t o fifth grade, it remained consistently strong across first, fourth, a nd fifth grades. The magnitude of the relationship between depressive symptoms and adaptive functioning also remained consistent over time. These findings on stability, caseness, and prognostic power attest to the significance of children's self-reports of depressive symptoms in the early as well as the middle to late elementary school years.