A case of spinal epidural leiomyoma is reported in a 52-year-old man i
nfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The tumor arose i
n the epidural region at the T-3 vertebral level, and the patient pres
ented with radicular pain in the right T-3 dermatome. While soft-tissu
e tumors such as Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphomas have been well documen
ted in association with HIV infection, this is the first reported case
of primary spinal leiomyoma. Isolated cases of leiomyomas and leiomyo
sarcomas in unusual locations have been reported, notably in pediatric
HIV-positive patients. perhaps indicating a causal relationship. This
case may represent further evidence of such an association.