Alj. Beckwith et al., HIGHLY DIASTEREOSELECTIVE FORMATION OF SUBSTITUTED INDOLIZIDINES AND QUINOLIZIDINES BY RADICAL CYCLIZATION, Journal of organic chemistry, 58(16), 1993, pp. 4198-4199
2-Substituted 2,3-dihydro-4-pyridinones (eg., 1a) bearing an (omega-br
omoacyl)-, (o-bromoaroyl)-, or (o-bromophenyl)aeetyl group on nitrogen
, when treated with tributylstannane, undergo highly diastereoselectiv
e cyclization by intramolecular homolytic addition anti to the substit
uent at C-2; molecular mechanics calculation support the view that the
diastereoselectivity arises from the nonbonded interaction between th
e substituent and the amide carbonyl group.