Investigations of secondary-electron (SE) emission from magnesium oxid
e smoke cubes have been made in coincidence with different primary-ele
ctron beam losses and geometrical configurations. For aloof-beam situa
tions at distances of up to 10 nm outside the cube, SEs are observed i
n coincidence with surface excitations of the valence electrons. For b
eams which penetrate the cube, additional SEs arise following either a
tomic core excitation or, with somewhat lower probability, bulk valenc
e excitation.