H. Mada et T. Sonoda, A PROPOSAL ON AND VERIFICATION OF SURFACE ALIGNMENT OF LIQUID-CRYSTALS ALIGNED BY FRICTIONAL RUBBING, JPN J A P 2, 32(9A), 1993, pp. 120001245-120001247
The alignment of liquid crystals on a treated surface has been qualita
tively explained by introducing the concept of a hot spot. The coheren
t length of liquid crystals and the density of hot spot are important
factors governing the stability of alignment. This proposal of hot spo
t was verified experimentally. A method to obtain good alignment is al
so proposed.