Water needed for expansion is believed to enter plant tissue in respon
se to a growth-induced water potential gradient that occurs as turgor
is reduced during relaxation of cell walls or in response to increased
solutes. Under water stress, the cotton flower petal continues to exp
and when all leaves on the plant are wilted and new leaf expansion has
ceased in the shoot tips. This study was undertaken to determine if w
ater for expansion entered the petal in response to a gradient or to i
ncreased solutes. Water potentials of cotton petal, leaf, bract and fr
uit were determined pre-dawn and midday in dryland and irrigated field
plots. The mechanism by which petal expansion occurs appears not to b
e associated with a growth-induced water potential gradient or to incr
eased solutes because the gradient is reversed from that needed to dri
ve expansion. The water potential of the petal tissues was consistentl
y higher than that of the subtending leaves and bracts both during and
after anthesis, and under different water stress conditions. How this
reversal in water potential gradient is established and maintained sh
ould provide insight into mechanisms involved in growth during water s
tress.