Paradoxical vocal cord adduction (PVCA) is a rare disorder that may pr
esent with symptoms similar to asthma. Incorrect diagnosis may result
in patients being unwittingly treated with prolonged high doses of ant
iasthma medication. PVCA probably forms part of a spectrum of uncommon
and complex breathing disorders related to laryngeal dysfunction. Her
ein, we describe three cam of PVCA that illustrate the spectrum of cli
nical and physiologic presentation and the long-term natural history o
ver a 10-year follow-up period. We conclude that PVCA, contrary to pre
vious reports, is not always a benign condition; it may feature marked
hypoxemia, fail to respond to previously advocated therapeutic strate
gies and can persist on a long-term basis.