Cd. Brown et Re. Grimm, TESSERA DEFORMATION AND THE CONTEMPORANEOUS THERMAL STATE OF THE PLATEAU HIGHLANDS, VENUS, Earth and planetary science letters, 147(1-4), 1997, pp. 1-10
Geodynamic modeling of tessera deformation at the ancient Venusian pla
teau highlands implies lithospheric thermal gradients exceeding 17 K k
m(-1). Regularly spaced contractional ridges in the highlands manifest
the unstable growth of perturbations at a dominant wavelength of less
than or equal to 20 km controlled by a mechanical layer of relatively
uniform thickness. We model the deformation as the shortening of a pl
astic layer over a viscous substrate; a layer thickness of less than 6
km is consistent with the observed ridge spacings. Assuming an anhydr
ous diabase crustal rheology and a minimum strain rate of 10(-16) s(-1
), the geotherm was at least 17 K km(-1). Higher strain rates -- conse
quently higher thermal gradients -- are more probable. We rule out the
possibility that the plateau highlands were locally anomalously hot a
t the time ridges formed in the tessera, that the highlands are domina
ntly composed of rock more felsic than diabase, or that the crust was
weak because it was hydrated. Therefore, the average global lithospher
ic heat flux when the highlands tesserae were deforming was considerab
ly higher than it has been since.