High resolution x-ray emission spectroscopy is shown to reveal unprece
dented details of the chemical bond formed between a molecule and a tr
ansition metal surface. An atom and symmetry projected view of the bon
ding orbitals is obtained. We find that all outer and inner valence or
bitals of the molecule change due to the surface interaction. New type
s of molecular states are observed which are a direct signature of the
surface chemical bond.