Substantial increase of methanogens and obligate hydrogen producing ac
etogens is occurs when activated sludges are allowed to remain under a
noxic conditions at either 25-degrees-C and 35-degrees-C, without oxyg
en free atmosphere or any external addition of reductants. Acetate add
ition. to activated sludge stimulates anoxic growth of all anaerobes e
xcept for butyrate users. During this period, the sludge volume index
decrease.