T. Ogawa et al., OPTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SI WAFERS FOR ULTRALARGE-SCALE INTEGRATION, Materials science & engineering. B, Solid-state materials for advanced technology, 20(1-2), 1993, pp. 172-174
IR light scattering tomography is very effective for quantitative meas
urements of oxygen precipitates and denuded zones in Si wafers. We con
firmed that reflection and scattering of visible light or an optical b
eam with a shorter wavelength than the bandgap of Si crystals is very
useful for non-contacting, non-destructive detection of defects locate
d just below the surface of an Si wafer. This principle is applicable
to the characterization of compound semiconductors.