E. Barragy et Gf. Carey, STREAM FUNCTION VORTICITY SOLUTION USING HIGH-P ELEMENT-BY-ELEMENT TECHNIQUES, Communications in numerical methods in engineering, 9(5), 1993, pp. 387-395
A p-type finite-element scheme is introduced for Navier-Stokes problem
s in a fully coupled stream function/vorticity formulation. The result
ing coupled non-linear system is solved using a Newton iteration with
incremental continuation in the Reynold's number. A biconjugate gradie
nt (BCG) scheme in an element-by-element setting is applied to solve t
he linearized system at each Newton iteration. Pseudo-element block pr
econditioners produce a practical PBCG method, even for ill-conditione
d systems arising from high-p elements in the case of Stokes flow. The
problem at higher Reynolds numbers further limits p.