OCCUPATION AND LUNG-CANCER RISK AMONG WOMEN IN NORTHERN CHINA

Lifetime occupational histories were obtained in a case-control study of 965 female lung cancer patients and 959 controls selected from the general population in Shenyang and Harbin, People's Republic of China, where most women have worked outside the home. After adjusting for sm oking, we found a significantly increased risk of lung cancer associat ed with employment involving the manufacture of transportation equipme nt (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.0, 2.6), in particular the manufacturing of a utomobiles (OR = 3.0, 95% CI = 1.4, 6.4). Metal smelting and treatment workers were at an increased risk of lung cancer (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0, 2. 1); the highest risks were observed among metal surfacers (OR = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.1, 9.0) and currently employed foundry workers (OR = 13.0, 95% CI = 1.7, 99.4). On the other hand, about a 50% decreased r isk of lung cancer was observed among those employed in textile indust ries or as leaders of state and party organizations. Based on self-rep orts, exposures to coal dust and smoke from burning fuel at the workpl ace were also significant risk factors. The findings were similar when the analyses were confined to nonsmokers and were comparable across t he major cell types of lung cancer. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.