THE EFFECTS OF TIME PRESSURE AND TASK DIFFERENCES ON INFLUENCE MODES AND ACCURACY IN DECISION-MAKING GROUPS

This study explores the effects of time pressure and task differences on group decision accuracy and on the emergence and effectiveness of n ormative and informational influence Three-person groups completed one of two ranking tasks under high-or low-time-pressure conditions. Alth ough both were intellective, one task was perceived by subjects as jud gmental, and one was perceived as intellective. Group discussions were coded for statements reflecting normative influence, informational in fluence, or other processes. In general, normative influence emerged a nd was more effective for groups working under time pressure. Informat ion influence emerged and was more effective for groups working on an intellective task and for groups working under low time pressure. Accu racy of the solution was related to amount Of information influence us ed and was greater for groups working on the intellective task. Result s were consistent with Kaplan's model of group influence processes and Karau and Kelly's attentional focus model.