Acute urinary retention (AUR) is an uncommon diagnosis in childhood, a
ssociated with a variety of causes. The emergency physician is often t
he first to be called upon to evaluate and treat these children. To as
sist in making the diagnosis, we present our five-year experience with
AUR presenting to the pediatric urology service, often through the pe
diatric emergency department. We present and discuss examples of not o
nly the common reasons for AUR but also uncommon diagnoses and, in two
cases, etiologies for retention we believe have not been previously d
escribed in the pediatric literature.