This article reports three experiments that investigate the role of co
ntext in repetition priming using a lexical decision task. The experim
ents show that repetition priming is either eliminated or significantl
y reduced if a change in context also alters the perceived sense of a
nonhomographic target word. If perceived sense is not altered, a chang
e in context is inconsequential. This points to the important role pla
yed by perceived sense in repetition priming. An explanation within a
sense-specific activation framework is proposed in preference to a mod
ified processing view.