K. Bogdanowiczszwed et al., SYNTHESIS OF PYRIDINE-DERIVATIVES BY REACTIONS OF ALPHA, BETA-UNSATURATED NITRILES WITH 2-OXO-CYCLOALKANO CARBOTHIOIC ACID ANILIDES, Monatshefte fuer Chemie, 124(6-7), 1993, pp. 721-731
The tandem Michael addition-cyclization of 2-oxo-cycloalkane carbothio
ic acid anilides 1-3 to benzylidenemalononitrile 4 yielded spiroannula
ted pyridines 5-7. Reaction of acrylonitrile with 2 and 3 gave 2,2-dis
ubstituted Michael adducts 14, 15, whereas with 1 led to 2,2,5-tri(2-c
yanoethyl)-cyclopentanone 11.