HOST-SPECIFICITY AND SUITABILITY OF APION-HOOKERI KIRBY (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE), A CANDIDATE FOR THE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL OF SCENTLESS CHAMOMILE, MATRICARIA-PERFORATA MERAT (ASTERACEAE), IN CANADA
Dp. Peschken et Kc. Sawchyn, HOST-SPECIFICITY AND SUITABILITY OF APION-HOOKERI KIRBY (COLEOPTERA, CURCULIONIDAE), A CANDIDATE FOR THE BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL OF SCENTLESS CHAMOMILE, MATRICARIA-PERFORATA MERAT (ASTERACEAE), IN CANADA, Canadian Entomologist, 125(3), 1993, pp. 619-628
Scentless chamomile, Matricaria perforata Merat [= Matricaria maritima
var. agrestis (Knaf) Wilmot], is a widely distributed, rapidly spread
ing and aggressive weed. especially in the three Prairie Provinces. Th
e seed-feeding weevil, Apion hookeri Kirby (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
, is widespread and common in its native range in the Palaearctic. It
occurs in such differing climates as the Mediterranean in northern Afr
ica and the boreal climate of western Siberia. The weevil was screened
for its host specificity. In the laboratory. females oviposited into
the flowers of species in six genera of the tribe Anthemideae, and one
species in the tribe Astereae. However, the larvae developed only in
Matricaria species, and one adult emerged from stinking mayweed, Anthe
mis cotula L. In a choice test, ovipositing A. hookeri preferred scent
less chamomile 93:1 over stinking mayweed. These results confirm host
records in the European literature. It is concluded that A. hookeri is
a host-specific and promising agent for the biological control of sce
ntless chamomile.