Sb. Yu et al., EXPERIMENTAL LAWS OF CRATERING FOR HYPERVELOCITY IMPACTS OF SPHERICALPROJECTILES INTO THICK TARGET, International journal of impact engineering, 15(1), 1994, pp. 67-77
It is shown in this paper that the laws of cratering in a thick target
under hypervelocity impact by a spherical projectile can be approxima
tely expressed by the so-called iso-deviation law and a 2/3 power law.
Moreover, hypervelocity impact should be characterized by the isotrop
ic expansion of a crater. In the special case, when the projectile and
target are of the same material, the laws mentioned above reduce to t
he result of a semi-spherical crater and the energy criterion. General
ly speaking, a semi-spherical crater and the energy criterion are both
approximations, which only take projectile density and target strengt
h into account, and can be used for a rough estimation on the order of
magnitude. The inconsistency in various fitted power laws in the lite
rature was also clarified and explained in the paper.