X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to examine the reductio
n behaviour of co-precipitated Co3O4/CeO2 and of Ru-promoted Co3O4/CeO
2. It was found, by evaluating the percentage of Co-degrees and Ce3+,
that the presence of Co3O4 lowered the reduction temperature of CeO2.
After reduction at 550-degrees-C the stoichiometry of the cerium oxide
in the Co3O4/CeO2 coprecipitate was CeO1.77+/-0.01. Promotion with Ru
lowered the reduction temperatures of both Co3O4 and CeO2. In the Ru-
promoted case the reduction of ceria to CeO1.84+/-0.01 was achieved at
temperatures as low as 170-degrees-C.